Stun Guns. Where They Come From and How They Work
A stun gun is any group of battery-powered items that are able to deliver an electrical charge externally to either a person or an animal. The concept has been in use for quite some time now, when wranglers then used heated cattle prods to force cows a certain direction. With the advent of portable electricity, batteries provided the electrical charge to make the animals follow directions. The first , a TASER design, developed in 1952 was proposed for commando operations. By the early 60s, the U.S Government commissions included electric stun batons in the riot control. By the 1970′s the technology became an important part of aircraft safety in the wake of terrorist attacks and hijacks. Later in the year, these were marketed to the public as defense weapons against muggers.
Called non-lethal weaponry, these devises work through the use of electricity to incapacitate or subdue an individual. This is achieved by the production of an electrical charge within the stun gun itself. What is produced is high-voltage, low amperage electrical charge when placed in contact with another person would produce a sensation anywhere from a mild electrical shock to temporary disability. This has been proven as an effective means to place under control a person who is considered a threat or be able to restrain the individual eventually.
The body is a bioelectrical piece of engineering. Bioelectrical means that electric impulses generated by the brain and passing through the nervous system is the means how movement, response and thoughts are produced. The electric impulses produce the necessary biological chemicals to make muscle groups respond in a particular manner. You can liken it to your computer with you as the brain typing on the keyboard the necessary electrical impulses to generate the icons on the screen or have the computer perform its tasks. Now, by placing an external electrical current into the computer system, you will see that the original electrical impulses of computer become overloaded causing the system to short circuit and shut down. How a stun gun works is by coming into contact with a person; the nerve impulses are shorted out making it impossible for the body to decipher any electric message causing the body to short out and shut down. The shutting down process of the body is what helps in controlling the movements a person can do after being targeted.
These non-lethal self defense weapons are effective in what they do and that is to incapacitate the target. The gun or hand held device draws its power from a nine-volt battery hidden within an insulated shell. Connected to the battery are wires that lead the charge to mini step up transformers that increase the voltage by a factor of at least 200,000 and lower the amperage rate effectively. The next component that receives this electrical charge is the oscillator. This oscillator controls the current fluctuation to a specific electrical pulse pattern. The oscillated charge is then stored in capacitors. When the device is triggered, the capacitors discharged the stored electrical energy to the electrodes. These electrodes when in contact with skin or clothing would create a circuit, which would let the electrical discharge from the stun gun flow through the intended recipient. The electrical current flowing through the person or animal’s body would disrupt the electrical impulses from the brain resulting in immobilization.
There are many styles of these self defense weapons available in the market and online. The simplest type is no bigger than a mobile telephone that uses two pairs of electrodes to deliver the charge. How the device works is by squeezing the trigger. The outer electrodes of the stun gun, the ones that look like prongs, ionize the air between them and when contact is made with an intended recipient, the circuit is formed. There is also a secondary inner electrode that directly applies the electrical charge onto the body of the person or animal sought immobilized. The design requires close and immediate contact but can create multiple electrical charges on the subject to be incapacitated. This mode is popular with private users as it can easily be tucked away and there is little or no required paperwork for its ownership.
Another method of delivery is through a shooting mechanism. The electrodes have extendible wires attached to them and using either compressed gas or a mixture of liquid chemicals, when the triggered is squeezed, the electrodes are ejected with force over a distance to the intended subject. Once the barbs attach, the electrical impulses are carried through the wire attachments thus incapacitating the individual concerned.
Police authorities are the main users of these types of stun guns in order to provide distance in which caution and prevention to further injury can be mapped out. The drawback is the need to reload the jettisoning cartridges and re-loop the wires of the electrode to be able to fire the weapon again.
With all of the improvements and technological advances, these compact and effective self defense tools have certainly come a long way from the long bulky cattle prods used in the stockyards in days gone by. Although legal in most states, be sure to check with your local law enforcement agency before adding them to your self defense tool box.
About the Author
Thomas James is the founder of Quality Protection Products Inc, one of the leading sources for self defense and security products in Northeastern Oklahoma. For more information on stun guns or other non lethal self defense products visit http://www.qualityprotectionproducts.com
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